Some Statistical Issues in the LHCb Experiment

This paper describes statistical issues that are of particular importance and interest to the LHCb experiment in probing new physics beyond the Standard Model through study of CP violation and rare phenomena in B decays. A wish list for statistical methods and tools that will help LHCb to exploit its full physics potential is given at the end

CP violation in heavy-flavour decays

The CKM matrix is the only source of CP violation in the Standard Model.Heavy-flavour decays provide an ideal laboratory to test the CKM mechanism. Some recent highlights in CP violation in heavy-flavour decays from the LHCb and Belle II experiments are presented, including updated measurements of the CKM angles $\beta$, $\gamma$ and $\phi_s$, and new results in CP violation in charm decays.Comment: Proceedings for the 31st International Symposium on Lepton Photon Interactions at High Energie

Heavy Flavour Physics and CP Violation at LHCb: a Ten-Year Review

Heavy flavour physics provides excellent opportunities to indirectly search for new physics at very high energy scales and to study hadron properties for deep understanding of the strong interaction. The LHCb experiment has been playing a leading role in the study of heavy flavour physics since the start of the LHC operations about ten years ago, and made a range of high-precision measurements and unexpected discoveries, which may have far-reaching implications on the field of particle physics. This review highlights a selection of the most influential physics results on CP violation, rare decays, and heavy flavour production and spectroscopy obtained by LHCb using the data collected during the first two operation periods of the LHC. The upgrade plan of LHCb and the physics prospects are also briefly discussed.Comment: Invited review for Frontiers of Physic

Activation of hedgehog signaling is not a frequent event in ovarian cancers

The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway regulates many processes of development and tissue homeostasis. Activation of hedgehog signaling has been reported in about 30% of human cancer including ovarian cancer. Inhibition of hedgehog signaling has been pursued as an effective strategy for cancer treatment including an ongoing phase II clinical trial in ovarian cancer. However, the rate of hedgehog signaling activation in ovarian cancer was reported differently by different groups. To predict the successful for future clinical trials of hedgehog signaling inhibitors in ovarian cancer, we assessed hedgehog pathway activation in 34 ovarian epithelial tumor specimens through analyses of target gene expression by in-situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and real-time PCR. In contrast to previous reports, we only detected a small proportion of ovarian cancers with hedgehog target gene expression, suggesting that identification of the tumors with activated hedgehog signaling activation will facilitate chemotherapy with hedgehog signaling inhibitors